Nutrition rules for gastritis

Gastritis is considered a common disease that affects both adults and children.Treatment of inflammation of the gastric mucosa should be comprehensive: include medications recommended by a doctor, physiotherapy and a healthy lifestyle.The main role in the treatment of pathology is assigned to dietary nutrition: a diet for gastritis can alleviate unpleasant symptoms and prevent further deterioration of the patient's condition.

Nutrition for gastritis: basic principles

The diet is a special diet.It includes foods, dishes and drinks that are gentle on the gastric mucosa and are able to adjust the intensity of gastric juice secretion.

When gastritis has not yet caused pathologies of the gastric wall and manifests itself with low intensity, a balanced diet is enough to overcome the disease.

Diets for gastritis are not just a list of permitted and prohibited foods.

This is a special approach to nutrition, which involves compliance with important principles:

• Dietary restriction during the first two days of the acute phase of the disease.Some doctors recommend completely abstaining from food in the first hours of an exacerbation, arranging a fasting day.Fresh, weak tea and still mineral water are allowed.This approach will allow the stomach to “rest” after digesting food and restore its functionality.
• From the second day of exacerbation, the diet includes liquid oatmeal, jelly, low-fat mashed potatoes with water and boiled eggs.
• You need to eat fractionally - in small portions throughout the day.The optimal diet is 5 to 6 meals every 3 to 4 hours.It is not allowed to increase the number of "approaches" and take long pauses between them.You should also not eat in the evening: your last meal should be 3 hours before going to bed.
• You should drink fluids (tea, juice, water) at least half an hour after eating.Water reduces the concentration of gastric juices, thereby complicating digestion.You are allowed to drink a glass of plain water before meals.
• If possible, eat unsalted foods and try to cook foods without salt.
• One-component dishes for gastritis are preferable, in which several products are not mixed at once.Food should be simple and healthy so as not to overload the stomach.
• While eating, you need to chew each bite and spoon well - the food will already be pre-processed in the oral cavity and it will be easier for the stomach to cope with digestion.
• Dry foods and snacks to take away or in a hurry are strictly prohibited.
• In acute conditions, the ban applies to all raw vegetables and fruits.
• Food temperature should be comfortable;Hot or cold foods irritate the stomach even more.
• It is best to prepare food for gastritis for no more than 2 days.If foods are stored for longer, their nutritional value will be lost and most of their beneficial vitamins will be destroyed.
• Prepared meals should only be stored in the refrigerator and reheated to a comfortable temperature before consumption.
• For cooking, use only fresh products purchased from trusted outlets.Otherwise, food poisoning with severe intoxication can also be added to gastritis.
• Choose products without preservatives, colorings, harmful food additives and flavor enhancers.

Patients suffering from gastritis should not abandon physical activity.On the contrary, moderate physical activity, swimming and yoga will help speed up the digestion of food.Also, special attention should be paid to a healthy lifestyle - do not smoke, do not drink alcoholic beverages, follow a daily routine.

What can you eat if you have gastritis?

Any diet, including with inflammation of the stomach, must provide the body with a sufficient amount of nutrients and energy, be complete and rational.

The diet for acute illnesses has many restrictions, but the list of products is usually large.

Porridge

They are considered the most useful product for patients suffering from gastritis.Everyone, regardless of the form of the disease, should start their morning with porridge.They are rich in carbohydrates, provide the body with energy and microelements and, thanks to their fiber content, improve the functions of the stomach and intestines.

• Oatmeal in the form of flakes is dish No. 1 on the list of foods allowed for gastritis.The liquid consistency of the porridge, cooked in water or milk, helps relieve stomach cramps and relieve inflammation.Oatmeal is eaten as a side dish or dessert, adding sugar, permitted fruits and dried fruits.
• Semolina - boils quickly and has a viscous consistency, promotes the accelerated breakdown of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
• Millet.Millet porridge is rough even after cooking, so it is better to take it in small quantities, and if you suffer from hyperacid gastritis, you should avoid it.
• Rice is a delicate grain that, after cooking, forms mucus that coats the walls of the stomach.Porridge made from rice puree can be consumed during an exacerbation of gastritis with low or high acidity.If the disease is accompanied by constipation, you should not eat rice.
• Barley porridge covers the gastric mucosa well.But it must be prepared correctly - boil it in water, waiting until the cereals are completely boiled while maintaining the liquid consistency of the dish.
• Buckwheat is a panacea for high acidity.Buckwheat, cooked in the form of milk soup, is healthy;it is rich in protein and iron.
• Wheat porridge is allowed at the remission stage of the disease, since hard grains are poorly digested and irritate the stomach.When cooking, the porridge is completely boiled and has a viscous consistency.

First courses for gastritis

Soups included in the diet should be cooked in weak broth.Bones, fatty meats and spices are not used in cooking.The soup ingredients should be chopped very finely, ideally pureed.To make the dish thicker, you can add fried wheat flour.Soups made from oat and rice cereals, with the addition of vegetable oil, but not butter, are viscous.

What to eat as a first course for gastritis:

• Rice and milk puree soup with vegetable broth;
• Potato soup with carrots and olive oil;
• Glutinous rice soup with lean meat and parsley;
• Chicken soup with carrots, potatoes and dill;
• Pumpkin puree soup with water or vegetable broth;
• Low-fat perch fish soup with parsley and carrots;
• Borscht in beef broth - beets are boiled and added to the dish after cooking.

Using your imagination and combining the types of foods allowed for gastritis, you can prepare a variety of soups - tasty and healthy.

Fish and meat for gastritis

Fish is considered the body's main protein supplier;in addition, its meat is quickly digested and does not overload the digestive system.Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids restore damaged gastric epithelium and act as an antioxidant.

The benefits of fish for gastritis depend on its fat content and method of preparation.It is allowed to eat only low-fat varieties of fish: pollock, hake, pike perch, navaga, sea lemon and flounder.The product should only be consumed after heat treatment, with the exception of frying.Fish can be steamed or in a slow cooker, eaten boiled or made into steamed fish cutlets, meatballs, soufflés and fish soup.

Salted fish is prohibited for gastritis, but in remission it is allowed to eat a small amount of herring exclusively at home.In this case, you can independently control the amount of salt in the product and not harm the stomach.

Meat is a heavy product and difficult for the body to digest.But dietary meat dishes consumed in moderation will help restore the gastric mucosa through protein intake.Allowed types of meat include rabbit, turkey, chicken and beef.But on one condition: the product must be light and not fried.It is best to boil or steam the meat before eating it;during the remission phase, you are allowed to eat baked meat products.It is better to chop the meat into minced meat - this way it is digested faster - and use it to make cutlets, meatballs, zraz, dumplings and meatballs.

Doctors advise not to mix meat with other foods, otherwise the stomach may not be able to tolerate the dish.

Vegetables

Raw vegetables can only be eaten during the period of remission of the disease.At the same time, gastroenterologists advise keeping a food diary in which to note the body's reaction to each type.Vegetables should not contain coarse fiber that irritates the stomach walls.They must be boiled or cooked.

What can you eat with gastritis:

• Orange and red vegetables - pumpkin, zucchini, carrots, yellow peppers, yellow tomatoes, beets and red potatoes;
• Green vegetables - Brussels sprouts, asparagus, peppers, peas and spring onions;
• White and purple - eggplant, cauliflower, parsnips and potatoes.

Green vegetables should be limited in case of gastritis with high acidity.Apart from an exacerbation of the pathology, you can eat peeled and grated cucumbers.Vegetables can be used to prepare not only soups, but also delicious purees, soufflés, side dishes, stews and stews.

Fruits, berries, melons

“Fruit” list of what you can and cannot eat in case of gastritis,includes the following fruits:

• Apples.For any acidity of the stomach, you should buy only sweet varieties and eat them without peels and seeds.Baked apples are considered a dietary dish - they contain a large amount of vitamins and pectins that improve digestion and improve health.
• Bananas.A universal product for all forms of gastritis.However, in the acute stage, you should not eat more than one banana per day: half in the morning and evening.Only fruits with light yellow skin are suitable for food - overripe and unripe bananas can cause a feeling of heaviness and discomfort in the stomach.
• Pears.They are considered a harmless and beneficial product for the digestive system.They normalize intestinal function and eliminate toxins.
• Watermelon and melon.In small quantities, melons can be included in the diet, but not early varieties.Only fruits sold at the end of August are suitable for food - they contain less nitrates.
• Raspberry.You can eat it in moderate quantities in ground form;it is particularly useful for reducing stomach acidity.Berries compensate for the lack of B vitamins and minerals.
• Sweet cherries are authorized for any type of gastric pathology.

All fresh berries and fruits contain acid which can irritate the stomach lining.The following list includes the safest fruits.But it is better if they undergo heat treatment before being included in the diet.

You can prepare delicious fruit drinks, jellies and compotes from berries, cook pears and apples.An exception exists for pathologies with insufficient secretion: these patients can eat citrus fruits, berries and raw fruits.To avoid fermentation, it is better to eat fruits separately from the first and second courses.

Dairy products and eggs

Dairy products should be included in the diet for gastritis.Whole milk as an independent drink is consumed in moderation - it is difficult to break down and takes a long time to digest.It is best added to tea, porridge and soups.Goat's milk will be useful for gastritis.It is believed that it can relieve inflammation of internal organs.

Cottage cheese also has a good effect.It is used to prepare stews, baked cheesecakes and lazy dumplings.If you wish, you can eat fresh cottage cheese - just pass it through a fine sieve.

In minimal doses, it is allowed to consume hard cheese – soft and unsalted.Permitted products include fermented baked milk and low-fat sour cream, yogurt and acidophilus.

Eggs are used to make an omelet, steamed, boiled, but not hard-boiled and no more than one egg per day.

Flour and sweets

Crackers and stale white bread have a beneficial effect on the gastric mucosa.Rusks can be soaked in weak tea.Every other day you are allowed to add unsweetened cookies without chocolate or unsweetened buns to your diet.You can eat pasta and vermicelli as a side dish.

Allowed sweets:

• Honey ;
• Semolina Puddings;
• Homemade sweet fruit jam;
• Curd soufflé;
• Natural fruit jelly;
• Non-acidic dried fruits soaked in lukewarm water.

Drinks

For gastritis, the following fruit and vegetable juices are allowed: sweet apple, cherry, pear, peach, cabbage, tomato and potato.Juices should be diluted with cold water and drunk hot.

Rosehip decoction, green tea, weak black tea with milk, compote, still mineral water, jelly are useful for stomach problems.

What not to do with gastritis

A well-structured diet for inflammation involves avoiding foods that irritate the stomach walls, complicate digestion and cause excessive fermentation.For any form of gastritis, the following are prohibited:

• Rye and freshly baked bread;
• French fries;
• All fatty and strong broths;
• Okroshka;
• classic borscht with tomatoes and fried;
• Fried meat and fish dishes;
• Smoked meats, sausages and frankfurters;
• Types of oily fish, including canned ones;
• Spicy salty hard cheeses;
• Frozen cheese curds;
• Sour cream and high-fat cream;
• Ice;
• Cakes and pastries;
• Grapes and juices thereof;
• Cabbage;
• Turnips and radishes;
• Onions;
• All types of mushrooms;
• Legumes;
• Swedish;
• Canned and pickled vegetables and pickles;

• Coffee – brewed and instant;
• Strongly brewed tea;
• Soda and bread kvass;
• Chocolate and chocolate candies;
• Chicory drinks;
• Alcohol;
• Nuts and seeds;
• Ginger and hot spices;
• All types of sauces, mayonnaise, mustard, horseradish
• Lard;
• Margarine, shortenings and salted butter.

When preparing a diet, it is imperative to carry out diagnostics to determine the level of acidity and secretory function of the stomach.With general dietary recommendations, nutrition for gastritis with high and low acidity can differ significantly.

Diet #1

This is a diet for gastritis with high acidity.Its objective is to protect the mucous membrane from mechanical and chemical irritants.Foods that can stimulate the active production of gastric juice are excluded or limited.

Dietary table No. 1 imposes a taboo on coarse, spicy, “juice” foods, smoked foods and pickles.Dishes are best served mashed, steamed or boiled.Cooking is permitted, but without crust.In addition to the prohibited items listed above, the list includes:

• Butter pastries, puff pastries;
• Porridges made from millet, corn, egg, pearl barley;
• Borscht, cabbage soup;
• Green vegetables – garlic, sorrel and spinach;
• Sour, unripe, high-fiber fruits and berries;
• Fried and hard-boiled eggs;
• Kefir and fermented baked milk;
• All types of citrus fruits.

The diet is complete, it includes the optimal amount of substances necessary for the normal functioning of human organs and systems, and to improve the condition of the stomach.

Diet #2

Developed for the diet of patients suffering from hypoacid gastritis.This form of the disease is accompanied by reduced secretory function of the stomach.The purpose of the diet is to stimulate the secretion process, while protecting the mucous membrane from mechanical irritants.Products that can cause fermentation processes in the stomach and intestines, as well as dishes that are difficult and long to digest, are prohibited.Foods containing a variety of chopped ingredients and different methods of preparation are allowed - stewed, boiled, baked, moderately fried.Vegetables and fruits rich in fiber are presented in grated form.

What not to do with gastritis with low acidity:

• Pearl barley, millet, corn and barley porridge – limited;
• Milk soups;
• First courses of peas and beans;
• Tough, fibrous meats and poultry;
• Salted and smoked fish;
• Raw, unshredded vegetables;
• Raw varieties of raw berries and fruits;
• Dates and figs;
• Sour cream, high acid dairy products – limited;
• Hard boiled eggs.

Diets are prescribed during the period of exacerbation of the disease.As the inflammatory processes subside, they gradually switch to their usual but rational diet.Restrictions still apply to products that can cause an exacerbation of the pathology and heaviness in the stomach.

Gastritis is one of the few pathologies that can be treated with a well-designed diet.You need to be patient, reconsider your lifestyle and pay more attention to your own health.